You can find this information in the logs. Search the forum, there are already some discussions on how to enable various levels of logging for VT execution and progress tracking. This post indicates how to pass settings to openvas.conf for Docker containers.
Furthermore, have you adjusted the scan task to reduce the number of concurrent VTs executed on the target? The default is 4, you could reduce to 1.
If you want to set a global timeout for VTs**, it’s set before starting openvas-scanner using the plugins_timeout option. The issue is discussed here.